中国居民住房建筑固定碳排放的区域分析

Regional analysis of carbon dioxide emission from house building materials in China

在综合分析中国主要结构类型的居民住房建材使用量、各种类型建材碳排放因子的基础上,对中国各类居民住房单位面积碳排放因子进行了科学评估.同时,综合运用中国1982-2011年相关统计数据,对中国居民住房建筑的固定碳排放进行了分析.分析发现:1981-2010年中国居民住房建筑固定碳排放总量呈现明显的上升趋势,且城市地区的居民住房碳排放总量逐步追赶并超越农村地区的.此外,对2010年中国31个省区居民住房建筑固定碳排放量进行的区域分析发现:中国居民住房建筑物固定碳排放总量存在明显的东西差异,总体表现为东南发达省份排放总量高,西北欠发达省份排放总量低;人均排放量以中东部尤其是东南沿海省、市较高,西北、东北地区较低,大致可以沿东北--西南走向划界,界线以上区域居民住房建筑固定碳排放总量以及人均排放量较低,界线以下区域排放总量及人均排放量都较高.对区域差异的原因进行分析发现,中国居民住房建筑固定碳排放的区域特征与经济发展水平密切相关.

With a comprehensive analysis of the main structures of housing building material usage and the emission factors of all kinds of building materials, carbon emission factors per unit area of various buildings in China were assessed scientifically. Based on the relevant statistic data in 1982-2011 in China, a regional analysis of the inherent carbon emission of residential buildings in China was conducted, indicating that the emission showed an obvious linear upward trends in 1981-2010 and that the total emission of urban areas gradually exceeded rural areas. The total inherent carbon emission of residential buildings in China exhibited obvious differences between the east and west, with the total emission being higher in the southeastern developed provinces and lower in northwestern underdeveloped provinces, the per capita emission higher in central and eastern areas, especially in south-east coastal provinces and cities and lower in northwest and northeast areas, which could be demarcated along the northeast-southwest trend. The total and per capita emission of the areas above the demarcation was lower than those below it. In addition, based on the analysis of the causes of the regional differences, it was found that the provincial characteristics of the inherent carbon emission of residential buildings in China were closely related to the level of economic development.