面向县级国土空间规划的自然资源综合调查与双评价——以延安市延川县为例

A comprehensive survey of natural resources and double evaluation of county-level land spatial planning: a case study of Yanchuan County in Shaanxi, China

围绕县级国土空间规划对自然资源与环境问题数据资料的获取与建库、资源环境承载力评价、国土空间开发适宜性评价、国土空间规划优化4个关键问题,以延安市延川县为研究区,提出了基于短板-边际-风险理论的资源环境承载力和基于负面清单的国土空间开发适宜性评价的理论与方法,并以土地斑块为评价单元,完成了延川县的双评价.结果显示:延川县不可接受超载区和容许超载区总面积分别为34.8、42.5 km2,分别占全县国土面积的2.14%、1.75%;水资源经济承载力已处于不可接受承载力状态;国土空间'限制、约束、影响'三级不适宜区总面积为1 262.55 km2,占全县国土空间的66.28%.依据调查和评价结果,对延川县现有'三区三线'及相关国土空间规划进行空间叠置分析、土地功能重新定位以及边界合并、调整与优化,形成了延川县新的'三区三线'边界和全类型国土空间的'一张蓝图',实现了空间上的'多规合一'.

In response to four key issues of data acquisition and database construction for natural resources and environmental issues,evaluation of the resource-environmental carrying capacity,suitability evaluation of land spatial development and optimization of land spatial planning for county-level land spatial planning,this paper took Yanchuan County in Yan’an as a research area,proposed theories and methods for an evaluation of its resource-environmental carrying capacity based on the barrel effect-marginal utility-risk theory and suitability evaluation of land spatial development based on the negative list,and completed a double evaluation of Yanchuan County with land patches as the evaluation units based on the former.The results showed that the total amount of the unacceptable over-carrying area and allowable overcarrying area of Yanchuan County was 34.8 and 42.5 km2 respectively,accounting for 2.14%and 1.75%of the land area of the whole county.The water resource economic carrying capacity had been in an unacceptable state.The total area of three-level unsuitable land area of'restriction,restraint and influence'was 1 262.55 km2,accounting for 66.28%of the land area of the whole county.Based on the above investigation and evaluation results,a spatial overlap analysis,land function relocation and boundary consolidation,adjustment and optimization were conducted upon the existing'three lines and three districts'and the related land spatial planning of Yanchuan County.A new'three lines and three districts'boundary and a land spatial'one blueprint'of Yanchuan County were formulated,and thereby the'multiple planning integration'was spatially achieved.