不同类型骨组织工程支架材料的比较研究

Comparative study of three kinds of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering

目的:探讨本实验室所用的3类材料作为骨组织工程支架材料的可行性,寻找骨组织工程的最佳支架材料。方法:采用生物力学检测仪观察材料的强度;利用扫描电镜观察材料的立体结构;取4周龄兔骨髓,体外分离培养骨髓基质细胞,并加入诱导液,使细胞向成骨细胞分化,将细胞与支架材料共培养1,3,5,7d,通过倒置显微镜及扫描电镜观察细胞在材料表面粘附、伸展及生长情况;将细胞与支架材料复合,并植入裸鼠背部皮下,植入4,8周后取材,行组织学检查,观察新骨形成情况。结果:3类材料均具有细胞复合成骨能力,其中珊瑚、珊瑚转化多孔羟基磷灰石(CHA)具有较为良好的物理性状、多孔性、细胞粘附性,及细胞复合成骨能力,作为支架材料更为优越。结论:珊瑚和珊瑚转化多孔羟基磷灰石(CHA)是骨组织工程比较理想的支架材料,与细胞复合为骨的再造及骨缺损修复开辟了新途径。

AIM:To investigate the feasibility of using three kinds of materials as scaff olds for bone tissue engineering in our own lab, seeking the idealest scaffold m aterials for bone tissue engineering.METHODS:The strength of three kinds of sca ffold materials was tested by biomechanics instrument. Microstructures of scaffo ld materials were observed by scanning electronic microscope.The bone marrow str omal cells from 4-month New Zealand rabbits were harvested and cultured in vitr o.After multiplied, Dexamethasone was used to promote the osteoblastic phenotype of the cells.The cells were harvested and seeded into three kinds of materials. 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after seeding,cell adhesion,spreading and growth on the surfa ce of scaffold materials were observed by phase contrast microscope and scanning electronic microscope.By means of tissue engineering technique,cells/scaffold m aterial complexs were formed. The complexs were implanted into the dorsal subcut aneous tissue of nude mise. Bone regeneration was observed at 4 and 8 weeks afte r implantation by histology.RESULTS:Three kinds of materials can be used as sca ffolds by showing the ability of bone regeneration for bone tissue engineering. Coral and Coralline hydroxyapatite (CHA) were more promising than other material s due to their better physical character and porosity which had an effect on pro moting the cell adhesion and new bone formation.CONCLUSION:Coral and CHA turned to be excellent scaffold materials in comparison with other two kinds of scaffo ld materials for bone tissue engineering.The cells/coral or cells/CHA composites could serve as a rewarding way for bone defect repair.