跨国公司外派人员回任适应研究述评与展望

A Literature Review and Prospects of Expatriates Repatriation Adjustment in Multinational Corporations

外派回任人员是跨国公司借以提高竞争能力的关键人力资源,但长期存在的回任人员高离职率却导致这一重要资源的流失问题。回任适应作为外派-回任的重要环节,是分析上述难题并改进组织和个人行为的重要理论视角。本文基于文献研究,首先对比分析了回任适应的内涵、概念维度和阶段划分,介绍了回任适应的测量量表;然后,系统归纳了回任适应的影响因素,总结介绍了回任适应所产生的影响效应;最后,在述评现有研究成果的基础上,提出了本文的整合框架、管理启示与研究的不足,并展望了未来研究的方向。研究结果表明,未来应该丰富不同文化情境下回任适应的研究、深化应对回任适应困境的个体策略研究,以及拓展回任适应的影响与作用机制的研究。

Repatriates are the key human resources to improve the competitiveness of multinational corporations. But the losses of the important resources are caused by high turnover rate for a long period. As one of the most important link,repatriation adjustment is an important theoretical perspective to analyze the above problems and improve the organization and individual behavior. Based on the literature review, firstly, this paper analyzes the connotation, the dimension and stages of repatriation adjustment,and introduces the measurement of repatriation adaptation. Secondly, this paper systematically summarizes the factors, and summarizes the effect caused by the repatriation adaptation. Finally, this paper puts forward the integrated framework,and management enlightenment, and points out the direction for future research based on the existing research results. The results of the study indicate that the future research should enrich the adaptation of different cultural contexts, deepen the study of the individual strategies to cope with the plight of the adaptation,and the research on developing the influence and mechanism of the adaptation.