新能源汽车碳排放交易机制及车主选择行为研究

Carbon Trading Mechanism of New Energy Vehicles and Its Impact on Vehicle Owner’s Choice

本文针对新能源汽车碳排放交易机制展开研究,并对该机制下消费者的选择行为进行了深入探讨。通过构建消费者购车决策模型,对新能源汽车和常规动力汽车两种车型的购车成本进行分析,得出均衡碳价,并对消费者购车选择行为进行讨论。结果显示,若长期市场碳价期望值高于均衡碳价,高碳价带来的收益能够弥补两种车型之间成本差额,理性的消费者倾向于购买新能源汽车;反之,则倾向于购买常规动力汽车。在新能源汽车碳排放交易机制下,碳排放交易也会对消费者行车行为产生影响。因此,本文进一步构建了消费者行车选择模型,研究了不同因素对消费者行车选择的影响。结果显示,预算的增加促使消费者增加行车总里程,同时,尽可能买入碳排放额以满足私家车的使用意愿,增大私家车的里程占比;强烈的用车倾向和较高的初始碳配额也能产生类似的效果,并且对新能源汽车车主的影响更大。

A carbon trading mechanism of NEVs is proposed in this paper,and then consumers’ choice under this mechanism is studied. This paper develops a vehicle-purchasing model for consumers and obtains the equilibrium carbon price by analyzing the total costs of CVs and NEVs. The results show that if carbon price in market is higher than the equilibrium carbon price in a long term,the benefits brought by high carbon price can make up the cost variance between CVs and NEVs,which makes consumers prefer to purchase NEVs,and vice versa. The carbon trading mechanism also has an impact on consumer’s driving behavior. This paper continues to develop a vehicle-driving model to study how different factors influence driving decisions. The results show that the increase of budget would make vehicle owners increase their total driving mileage,and purchase as more carbon credit as possible to meet their needs of using own vehicles in order to enlarge the proportion of private vehicle mileage. Intense favor of vehicles and high initial carbon credit have similar functions as high budget, and are more influential to NEV owners.