商业模式传承型裂变创业内在机理研究

A Study on the Inherent Mechanism of Business Model Inheritance of Corporate Spin-offs

本文在回顾公司创业、裂变创业以及商业模式等相关理论的基础上,系统考察了商业模式从母体企业孵化、传承至新创企业并实现独立运营这一完整过程中的关键影响因素及其作用机理。基于扎根理论研究方法,本研究提炼出前置条件、孵化脉络、商业模式、剥离机制和独立运营五个主范畴,构建商业模式传承型裂变创业内在机理的理论模型,并探讨要素之间的嵌入逻辑和联结关系。本研究的贡献在于挖掘了商业模式由内而外传承过程的内在机理,延伸了公司创业、裂变创业和商业模式的现有理论,揭示了除独立构建与二次模仿之外,新创企业培育商业模式的新路径与新方法。

Corporate entrepreneurship is an internal activity within the existing enterprise, which is a very important driving force for the sustainable development of mature enterprise. Spin-off entrepreneurship is a special new business creation activity divorced from the parent enterprise, which has many typical features such as high performance and survival rate. Business model is a value creation system presenting the profit logic in whole business operation, which is crucial for any enterprise. The study of corporate entrepreneurship, spin-off entrepreneurship and business model has been a hotspot in the field of entrepreneurship and strategy researches. This paper systematically examines the key influential factors and heritage mechanism in the process of business model from parent business incubation, inheritance to start-ups and achievement of independent operation on the basis of the relevant theories including corporate entrepreneurship, spin-off entrepreneurship and business model. Therefore, the independent research about corporate entrepreneurship, spin-off entrepreneurship and business model is transformed into integrated research. As a most popular and most effective qualitative research approach, grounded theory method is very good at constructing theoretical models which can discover and interpret phenomenon and activity. On the basis of theoretical sampling, the principle, process and technique of grounded theory is fully applied throughout the paper. There are thirty categories appeared at the end of open coding, five major categories acquired with axial coding, including precondition, hatching network, business model, ablation mechanism and independent operation, and one core category achieved in selective coding, business model inheritance of corporate spin-offs. This study presents the theoretical model about business model inheritance of corporate spin-offs, and probes into the embedding logic and connection relationship between factors and categories. The core contributions of the study is that excavates heritage process of business model from internal to external, extends the theoretical perspectives about existing related theories, and reveals new approaches and methods on cultivating emerging business models apart from separate construction and quadratic imitation.