高工作绩效员工为何也会遭遇领导排斥:影响机制的系统动力学仿真分析

Why High Job Performance Employees Suffered Leadership Ostracism as Well? Simulation Analysis for the Influence Mechanism of Leadership Ostracism Based on System Dynamics

本文从系统观点出发,运用系统动力学模型探讨下属高工作绩效情境下领导排斥行为的结构性原因及其影响机制;利用系统动力学模拟实验的优势,仿真模拟不同情境下领导排斥行为的动态发展趋势,直观揭示领导者个体因素、人际互动因素及组织因素对领导排斥的不同影响作用。仿真结果表明,领导低权力感知是促使领导者早期产生排斥行为的重要因素;领导高敌意归因偏差是加剧领导排斥行为持续恶化的关键因素;低质量领导—部属交换关系对领导排斥加速恶化起到催化作用;组织差序氛围的降低有助于缓和低质量领导—部属交换关系对领导排斥的负面影响。研究结果从特定视角揭示了领导排斥行为的形成动因,有助于从源头上遏制领导排斥这种人际偏差行为的发生和恶化。

Leadership ostracism behavior denotes an interpersonal deviation behavior such as acts of omission and open exclusionary behaviors carried out by leaders,which are perceived by the targeted subordinates in the workplace.Leadership ostracism has served as a prevailing way for leaders to uphold their authority and to avoid unnecessary direct conflicts in the Chinese workplace as leadership ostracism behavior entails the unique characteristic of covertness and ambiguity.It is commonly believed that a general situation being subjected to ignoring and neglect from leaders is that the job performance of the targeted subordinate is lower.However,in the reality,those subordinates with high job performance who are supposed to be acknowledged and accepted by leaders may also be the targets of leadership ostracism because they may be considered as a threat in the eyes their leaders.From a systematic perspective,the present study therefore explores the structural causes and influencing mechanism of leadership ostracism under the situation of subordinates with high job performance by employing the system dynamics model.Taking the advantages of scenario simulation technique,we simulate the development trend of leadership ostracism over time based on cross-sectional data under different scenarios by manipulating conditions.The effect of factors at individual level of leaders and interpersonal interaction level and organizational level on leadership ostracism are analyzed by comparing dynamic changes of the degree of leadership ostracism behavior in different simulated scenarios.The results show that low sense of power of leaders contribute to induce leader’s ostracism behavior at the early stage;high hostile attributional bias of leaders is a key factor to aggravate the continuous deterioration of leadership ostracism behavior at the later stage;low quality of LMX serves as a catalyst for accelerating the deterioration of leadership ostracism;the reduction of organizational Chaxu climate helps release the negative impact of low quality of LMX on leadership ostracism.The above results reveal the inf luence mechanism of leadership ostracism from a certain perspective,which helps to alleviate or inhibit the occurrence and deterioration of such kind of interpersonal deviation behavior like leadership ostracism from the source.