牟宗三的逆觉体证工夫论

Mou Zongsan’s Discourse of Ni Jue Ti Zheng as Confucian

逆觉体证作为操存工夫,要求在道德本心呈露时当下肯定,从感性的沉渣中跃起,为道德行为提供推动力与兴发力。但在具体实践中,道德行为之引发与完成仅有逆觉体证显然是不够的。对于道德情境的审视与判断,对于完成道德目标的方案与手段的抉择与评估,肯定离不开外向性的智性学习与经验积累。在牟宗三视逆觉体证为成就道德的本质工夫并将其作为儒家工夫论的正宗时,外向性学习对于成就道德的重要性即便不是被完全取消了,也被大大贬低了。

Ni jue ti zheng (to apprehend by intuition) as a kind of gongfu which aimed at cultivating one’ s moral character, requires someone to affirm the conscience when it appears, to leap from the sediment of sensibility, to provide momentum and support for the moral practices.But in concrete practices, the moral behaviors are caused and motivated not only by ni jue ti zheng.Examining and judging the moral situations, making choices and evaluating the means of the moral targets, certainly can’ t be inseparable from the extroverted intellectual learning and experiences.Mou Zongsan firmly believed that ni jue ti zheng was the essential and authentic Gongfu in the moral practices and Confucianism, so that the significance of extroverted learning in the moral achievement if not completely eliminated, was also greatly devalued.