摘要
"公地悲剧"问题是西方主流经济学在论述外部性引起的公共资源过度消耗时经常引用的一个经典案例,成为西方经济学批判公共产权乃至公有制经济的一个重要工具。但是传统的分析范式受限于理性人假设、分析对象范围、分析方法和缺乏历史分析等因素还有诸多的局限性。马克思主义制度经济理论为我们提供了分析这一问题的新路径。传统的"公地悲剧"问题并不是公有制的悲剧,而是工业生产力发展后资本主义私有制发展导致的传统小私有制的共有财产制度被淘汰的悲剧。现代西方的"公地悲剧"问题则是社会化生产方式下资本主义私有制生产无序发展与公益冲突的问题。促进生产力发展、完善社会分工体系和经济发展的比例协调关系,才能解决现代"公地悲剧"问题,并促进人与自然的和谐共存。
In western economics, “tragedy of commons” is typical case to illustrate excessive consumption of public resources, which becomes the important tools to criticize common property or public ownership.But the traditional theory shall be argued due to its hypothesis of rational man, analysis of object, analysis method, and loss of historical analysis.According to Marxism economic theory, the tragedy of commons is not the tragedy of public ownership, but the tragedy of the feudal private ownership with the competition of capitalism private ownership.To solve the tragedy of commons in modern society, it shall be emphasized to develop the productivity, optimize the division of labor system, and coordinate the different parts of the economy, to seek harmony with nature.
出处
《理论界》
2015年第4期29-33,共5页
Theory Horizon
关键词
公地悲剧
公有制
共有制
所有者缺位
tragedy of commons
public ownership
common ownership
vacancy of ownership
