中原与江南——论南北朝文化竞争中的地理话语

The Central China and Jiang Nan:Geographic Discourse Cultural Competition in the Northern and Southern Dynasties

南北朝在分裂对峙中存在着正统争夺和文化争胜的情况,多认为北朝因占据中原而具有地理上的正统优势,而南朝处于下风。北朝通过孝文帝迁都改制、军国文书的措施,逐渐建立起中原地理正统论,并在南北外交场合中多次使用。南朝则利用种族上的正统优势,将北方的地理元素与胡族相联系,并用江南的自然环境和物产与胡族色彩浓厚的风土物产拉开距离。

Cultural competitions and legitimism disputes between the Southern and Northern Dynasties are very intense.It’ s widely accepted that the Northern has geographical advantage with the orthodox occupied Central Part of China, whereas the Southern has disadvantage.The Northern Dynasties gradually established the Central Geographic Orthodoxy by moving capital to Luoyang and repeatedly used in the north and South diplomatic occasions.But the Southern Dynasties also formed its own Geographic Discourse by using geographical elements which associated North Hu tribe, and using natural environments of Jiang Nan.