人口老龄化与新兴经济体养老保障体系改革

Demographic Ageing and the Pension System Reform in Emerging Economies

新兴经济体逐渐步入老龄社会,但因其经济社会发展水平和制度构建的滞后,新兴经济体的老龄化进程面临特有的严峻挑战。在养老保障制度建设方面,亚洲、拉美、非洲等地区的新兴经济体纷纷进行了各种改革和创新,以应对老龄化背景下养老保障制度的充足性和可持续性问题。但这些改革措施的成效,依赖于宏观经济社会发展程度,因此简单照搬发达国家经验,难以明显收效。新兴经济体应对老龄化挑战,仍然需从根本着手,标本兼治。

Emerging economies are stepping into aging society. But they will face huge challenges due to low social-economic and institutional development. To successf ully deal with those challenges, emerging economies in Asia, Africa and Latin America are now focusing on reforming and optimizing their pension system. However, the result of the reform depends on the social-economic development in macro level, so that only copying the experiences of developed countries does not work. To overcome dif ifculties brought by population aging, emerging economies should learn to ifnd the solutions.