基于计划行为理论的老年人网络使用影响因素研究

Study on the Factors Influencing the Elderly's Internet Usage Based on the Planned Behavior Theory

计算机和互联网被誉为"20世纪最伟大的发明",老年人也应该享受到其给生活带来的便利和好处。本文借助计划行为理论为分析框架,探索影响老年人使用网络的具体因素。调查发现,老年人使用网络的意愿会受到态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制三大因素的影响,但由于个性、过去经验、生活环境等方面的差异,老人使用网络的意愿受三类因素的影响程度有所不同。其中,使用态度会受到感知易学性、感知有用性、信任度和对网络恐惧的影响;感受到的主观规范主要来自子女、孙子女、同辈群体;知觉行为控制感主要受到自我效能、感知的控制力、过去经验、社会支持和网站设计的影响。

Computer and Internet have been reputed as the greatest invention of the 20th century;therefore, the elderly should also enjoy the convenience and beneifts they bring along. By virtue of planned behavior theory, this paper explores the factors that inlfuence the elderly’s Internet usage. The study shows that the intention of the elderly’s Internet usage can be affected by attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, but the extent varies due to the difference in such aspects as personality, experience and living environment. The elderly’s attitude toward Internet usage is influenced by perceived ease of learning, perceived usefulness, trust and fear of Internet, while subjective norms felt by the Elderly mainly come from their children, grandchildren and peers. When it comes to perceived behavioral control, its’ main inlfuential factors include self-efifcacy, perceived controllability, past experience, social support and Internet design.