对我国城市居家养老服务发展的探讨——基于十城市万名老年人的调研

Exploration on the Development of Home-based Care Service for the Elderly in Urban Area of China—— Base on the Survey of 10000 Elderly People in Ten Cities

《社会养老服务体系建设规划(2011-2015年)》提出居家养老是社会养老服务体系的基础。利用2013年"十城市万名老年人居家养老状况调查"数据,分析城市居家养老服务发展的现状。我国居家养老服务发展不平衡,社会投资力量缺乏,服务覆盖范围有限,整体来看,居家养老服务发展缓慢。究其原因,老年人收入水平低是最主要因素,此外,老年人消费观念滞后,养老优惠政策少、落实不到位也是重要原因。对此,应该完善养老保障制度,出台优惠政策,强化政策落实,促进居家养老服务业快速发展。

Social Pension Service System Construction Plan (2011-2015) puts forward that home-based care service is the basic of social pension service system. This paper uses the survey data of home-based care service for 10 thousand old people in ten cities, and analyzes the current situation of the development of home-based care service in the urban area of China. The home-based care service develops unequally, lacks of public investment and it is limited in coverage area. Overall, it develops slowly, and three inlfuence factors lead to this result. First and the most important factor is the elderly has low income. Second is the hysteretic consumption concept. And the third is that preferential policy for the elderly care service is few and the implement is not in place. The government should improve the old-age security system, introduce preferential policies, insure the implementation of the policy and promote the rapid development of the home-based care service industry.