我国老年人口退休年龄、健康状况及工作意愿分析

Analysis on the Age Distribution, the State of Health and the Working Desire in Chinese Retired Population

利用2000、2006和2010年三次全国老年人口追踪调查数据,分析了我国退休人口的年龄分布、健康状况和工作意愿。主要结论包括:已退休人口行为存在明显的政策效应,呈现出退休年龄长期偏低,男女退休年龄差别明显的特点;老年人口剩余期望寿命的增加在低年龄段主要由健康期望寿命的增加而决定,这为退休年龄调整提供了依据;退休老年人口工作意愿偏低、男女差异明显且随年龄增长而降低。提出了制定渐进式延迟退休政策的基本原则。

This paper analyzes the age distribution, the state of health and working desire in Chinese retired elderly population by using the data from the national aging population survey performed in 2000, 2006 and 2010. Our results conclude that:(1) the retiring behavior of Chinese aging population presents signiifcant policy effect, the characteristic includes that the low age for retirement and the large difference between male and female retirement ages;(2) the increase of the remaining life expectancy of elderly population in the younger age is mostly determined by the increase of the healthy life expectancy, and this provides the basis for adjusting the retirement age;(3) the working desire in retired elderly population is low and the difference between male and female is obvious. Lastly, the paper gives some suggestions about delaying retirement age gradually in China.