系统论视角下的敬老文化与精神养老

Research on the Culture of Revering the Elderly and the Spiritual Elderly Support under the View of the System Theory

精神养老是对敬老文化的继承与发扬,体现了敬老文化的内在本质要求,是宏观、中观、微观三种系统的有机整合。精神养老既包括老年人从家庭、社区、社会等层面所获取的尊重、交流与沟通等方面的精神支持与服务,还包括老年人自身对精神愉悦、社会参与、自我价值实现等精神层面的诉求。精神养老具有深刻的文化内涵,既是一种养老模式,也是行为方式和关系模式的综合统一体。提倡精神养老有助于完善老年人权利系统,推进我国社会主义和谐社会建设,推动我国老龄事业发展,重塑"敬老为本"的养老支持体系,同时也是拓展老龄科学研究视角的必然要求。

The spiritual elderly support inherits the essence of the culture of revering the elderly and shows its internal requirements. It is the integration of a macro system, a medium system and a micro system. The spiritual elderly support includes respect, interactions and communications that the senior citizens seize from families, communities and the society. It also contains the appeal of the spiritual joy, social participation and self-fulfillment. It is characterized by the cultural connotation, elderly-support patterns, behavior modes and relation patterns. The development of the spiritual elderly support helps construct the system of legal rights for the elderly, promote the construction of a harmonious society and bring challenges and opportunities for the undertaking of the elderly. It also helps rebuild the respect-oriented support system for the elderly and meet the requirement of expanding the research angle of Gerontology.