老年心理资本研究述评

Review on Psychological Capital of the Elderly

作为积极心理学的一个研究领域,心理资本关注个体的积极心理力量,为老年人摆脱"暮气"、过上充实且幸福的生活提供了一种新视角。心理资本源于经济学,在组织行为学领域得到长足发展,是继经济资本、人力资本和社会资本之后的又一种新型资本,对个体的诸多积极行为具有预测作用。心理资本具有类状态的特征,众多学者认为它包括自我效能感、希望、乐观和心理弹性四个方面,可以预测幸福感、满意度、心理健康水平等。目前关于老年心理资本的研究较少,但对心理资本各方面,即自我效能感、乐观、希望和心理弹性等都有关注。在积极老龄化视域下,开展老年心理资本研究是非常必要且可行的,但就研究本身来看,同时也存在着一些问题。

As a research field of Positive Psychology, Psychological Capital (PsyCap) concerns individual’s positive mental power and provides a new perspective for how to make the elderly live a happy, fuliflling and non-apathy life. PsyCap, a new pattern of capital after economic capital, human capital and social capital, gets rapid progress in the ifeld of organizational behavior. It has predictive effect of many individual positive act. PsyCap, which is state-like, includes self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience. It can predict well-being, living satisfaction, mental health etc. However, there are a few of researches about elderly PsyCap, but many researches are focusing on self-efifcacy, hope, optimism and resilience of the elderly. It is necessary and feasible to carry out researches about PsyCap of the elderly under the horizon of positive aging, even though there still exist problems.