老年人主观幸福感与心理幸福感的关系:代际因素的影响

The Relationship between Subjective Well-Being and Psychological Well-Being of Elderly People: the Effect of Intergenerational Factors

采用"综合幸福感问卷"(MHQ-50)调查了352名60岁及以上老年人的主观幸福感与心理幸福感状况,旨在探讨老年人主观幸福感与心理幸福感的关系,并探讨代际因素对老年人幸福感的影响。结果表明:(1)不同生活地老年人的总体幸福感存在显著差异,农村老年人的主观幸福感与心理幸福感都较差;(2)老年人的主观幸福感与心理幸福感显著相关,其中,生活满意与老年人的心理幸福感显著正相关,自我价值与老年人的主观幸福感显著正相关;(3)代际因素对老年人的总体幸福感影响很大,其中子女的受教育程度、性别以及子女数量,对老年人幸福感的影响较大。

The study aims to explore the relationship between subjective well-being and psychological well-being and intergenerational factors' effect on well-being of elderly people. Subjective and psychological well-being of 352 elderly people aged 60 years and above is measured by 50-item Multiple Happiness Questionnaire. The results show three facts.(1) There is a significant difference in multiple well-beings of elderly people who live different places. Compared to the urban elderly, rural elderly' subjective and psychological well-being are lower.(2) Subjective well-being is related to psychological well-being among older adults. Life satisfaction relates positively to psychological well-being and self-value relates positively to subjective well-being.(3) Intergenerational factors make an important effect on multiple wellbeings of elderly people. Educational level, gender and number of children influence well-being of elderly people significantly.