金融管制、风险识别能力和我国中小企业融资难

Financial Control, Risk-identifying Ability and SMEs Financing Difficulties in China

我国长期对银行业实行严格的金融管制,导致银行业存在垄断低效,银行对借款人风险识别能力弱,无法从众多风险各异的中小企业中筛选出那些能够还本付息、符合贷款条件的企业。本文通过建立一个风险识别能力——风险识别难度模型,说明了银行风险识别能力决定了银行的放款能力,风险识别能力强的银行不仅可以向风险容易识别的借款人提供贷款,还可以向风险难以识别的借款人提供贷款;而风险识别能力弱的银行只能向风险容易识别的借款人提供贷款,不能向风险难以识别的借款人提供贷款。我国现有银行风险识别能力弱,无法向风险难以识别的中小企业提供贷款,这是造成我国中小企业融资难的主要原因。问题根源在于我国银行业市场化的步伐远远落后于实体经济。

In our country,the banking industry has long been under strict financial control,which leads to the low efficiency of banking industry.Bank has weak ability on identifying borrower's risk,cannot selected those qualified borrower from SMEs with different risks level.Through establishing a risk identifying ability-risk identifying difficulty model,it is illustrated that the bank's risk-recognizing ability determines its ability of providing loan.Bank with strong risk-identifying ability can not only provide loans to risk easy-identifying borrowers,but also can provide to difficult-identifying one.Bank with weak risk-identifying ability can only provide loans to risk easy-identifying borrowers.With weak risk-identifying ability,our country's existing bank is unable to provide loans to SMEs,whose risk is difficulty to identify.It is the main cause of SMEs financing difficulty in our country.