大学行政机构评价的目标、理念与体系建构——基于帕森斯社会行动理论的探索

The Goal,Concept and System Construction for the Evaluation of University Administrative Institutions Based on the Exploration of Parsons' Social Action Theory

提升大学的教学科研水平与社会服务能力固然重要,而大学的内部管理问题同样不容忽视,中国大学更需要一流的管理。推行大学行政机构评价,是提高大学管理效率与竞争力的必然要求。当前我国大学推行的行政机构评价主要是基于产出导向和用于评比排序目的,效果普遍不佳。研究表明,大学行政机构的功能性活动可视为是一种社会行动。基于帕森斯的社会行动理论,大学行政机构评价须坚持主动适应、目标达成、协作整合和模式维持的功能定位,应遵循以人为本、文化为基、系统审视、改进导向的评价理念,构建由行动者、目标、情境与规范等四个主要维度组成的评价体系。

It is important to improve both the teaching&research level and the ability of social service of the universities.But at the same time the internal management of the universities cannot be ignored either.Chinese universities need more first class management badly.The implementation of the evaluation of administrative institutions in universities is an inevitable requirement to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the universities.At present,the promoted evaluation of university administrative institutions in China is mainly based on output orientation with the purpose for appraisal and ranking,therefore the effect is rather poor in general.The research demonstrated that the functional activities of university administrations can be regarded as a kind of social action.Based on Parsons’social action theory,university administrative institutions not only need to adhere to the functional orientation of active adaptation,goal achievement,collaborative integration,and mode maintenance,but also should follow the evaluation concept which is people-oriented,culture-based,systematically reviewed,and improvement-oriented.So as to construct an evaluation system consisting of four main dimensions,including actors,goals,situations,and norms.