论言语行为的转喻机制

On the Metonymic Mechanism of Speech Act Behavior

从认知语言学的研究角度出发,依托转喻理论与事态场境理论,对言语行为进行了以下阐述:转喻是言语行为生成和理解的内在机制;事态场境理论是对言语行为的转喻机制进行描述的工具;事态场境的各个组成部分可以转喻整个言语行为,转喻的力度由两方面的因素决定:一是各部分距离场境核心的距离,二是语境。通过以上论述从而提出:认知语言学的相关理论能够对言语行为的生成和理解做出科学性的解释,是语用研究的新视角。

With a cognitive approach,this paper,based on the theories of metonymy and state-of-affairs scenario,discusses speech act behavior as follows:metonymy is the inner mechanism on which the production and inference of speech act behavior is realized;state-of-affairs scenario can be used as a tool to describe the metonymic mechanism of speech act behavior;a scenario is made up of several parts,each of which can represent the whole scenario with a difference in metonymic strength;this metonymic strength is decided by tw o factors:one is the distance between a certain scenario part and the central scenario part and the other is context.After the above discussion,a conclusion is drawn:theories from cognitive linguistics can describe speech act behavior in a scientific way,which sheds new light on pragmatic studies.