论汉匈之战视野下的霍去病“天幸”

On Huo Qubing's “Tianxing” in the War between the Han Dynasty and Xiongnu

汉武帝元狩二年,汉军霍去病取得河西大捷。司马迁《史记·卫将军骠骑列传》载霍去病取胜原因在于其所率将领都有丰富的作战经验,又认为他自身有"天幸"。学术界认为此"天幸"即上天保佑或运气颇佳。通过分析霍去病六次出征匈奴的经过及战果,发现汉武帝本人直接对匈奴战略的选择和军事部署的干预,是霍去病取胜的关键因素,此"天幸"应为汉武帝的宠信之意。

In 121 B.C.E during the reign of Emperor Wu, the Han army won the war of Hexi. Sima Qian recorded in Shiji that Huo Qubin, the Han general of the war, had rich experiences in battles and'Tianxing'. The current scholarship believes that 'tianxing'means god bless. By analyzing the processes and results of the six expeditions to Xiongnu led by Huo Qubing,this article finds that Emperor Wu was directly involved in many strategic decisions. His intervention in military deployment was key to the victory of Huo Qubing.'Tianxing'in fact was the bless from Emperor Wu.