英国政府对康有为流亡态度之考释——兼论保皇会的没落

The British Government's Attitude towards Kang Youwei in Exile and the Rise and Fall of Baohuanghui

戊戌政变后,依据英国政府态度,可将康有为流亡英属殖民地的过程大体分作三个阶段:被同情庇护、被驱逐、被限制入境。康有为个人境遇的转变与英国不同时期解决"中国问题"采取的不同策略密切相关。本文以英国国家档案馆及澳大利亚国家档案馆所藏英国外交部暨殖民地事务部有关电函为核心史料,将康有为流亡海外十余年间的政治活动置于英国对华立场以及当时复杂的远东政治大背景中进行解析,力图以新视角审视保皇会运动消长与最终式微过程中的英国因素。

Digging into records in the National Archives of Britain and Australia,the present author divides Kang Youwei’s exile into three stages since the failure of the 1898 Hundred Days’ Reform and points out that changes in each stage were closely related to the British government’s strategy involving China Questions.Aspiring to shed new light on the growth and decline of pro-monarchic Baohuanghui founded by Kang,the present author reexamines Kang’s one-decade exile in light of Britain’s changing stance towards China and the complex Far East politics.