地缘文化视角下凉州社火多元文化融合研究

Research on Multicultural Integration of Liangzhou Shehuo from the Perspective of Geographical Culture

因独特的地理位置和文化背景,凉州社火包容并蓄地融合了多种文化要素,呈现多元文化并存融合的艺术特色,其具有元素多样、表演混杂、风格硬朗等特点。论文通过田野资料和文献对比,发现凉州社火在发展过程中融合"西凉乐"、"敦煌舞"、"边塞诗"等艺术形式,吸收了儒家、佛教、藏传佛教、道教以及伊斯兰教的宗教文化元素,融合了戏剧唱腔、秧歌小调、鼓乐演奏、人物装扮等多种表演方式,最终形成了多种职业角色、多元民族文化、多种宗教思想、多种表演方式集于一体的民间艺术形式。凉州社火的发展与地区文化均衡、农牧业生产以及节日仪式密切相关。

Due to the unique geographical location and cultural background,the Liangzhou Shehuo inclusively integrates various cultural elements and presents. The artistic characteristics of multicultural coexistence and integration,which has a diverse elements,mixed performance,tough styles and so on. Through the comparison of field data and literature,the paper finds that Liangzhou Shehuo integrated a variety of art forms,such as'Xiliang Music','Dunhuang Dance'and'Frontier Poem'in the development process,and absorbed religious and cultural elements of Confucianism,Buddhism,Tibetan Buddhism,Taoism,and Islam,combined the numerous Performance methods,such as Theatrical aria,Yangko melody,Drum music performance,Character dressing and so on,then finally formed a folk art form with multiple professional roles,multi-ethnic culture,multiple religious ideas,and multiple performance modes.The development of Liangzhou Shehuo is closely related to the regional cultural balance,agricultural and livestock production and festival ceremonies.