肯尼亚与南非森林产权与农民生计发展历程与经验及其借鉴

Development and Experience of Forest Tenure and Farmers' Livelihoods in Kenya and South Africa and Their Reference

肯尼亚和南非在森林产权改革方面进行了一些探索并取得了良好的进展。文章介绍了肯尼亚和南非社区林业、农地林业、人工林产业、国有林和国家公园的发展路径、现状和成效,并在森林产权改革背景下探讨了森林资源的保护和利用与当地居民生计的关系。借鉴肯尼亚和南非的经验,提出了有利于完善我国集体林权制度改革、国有林场和国有林区改革以及国家公园管理机制的政策建议。

Kenya and South Africa have made some explorations and achieved good progress in forest tenure reform.This paper introduced the development path,status and effectiveness of community forestry,farmland forestry,plan?tation industry,state-owned forests and national parks in Kenya and South Africa,and explored the relationship be?tween forest resource conservation,utilization and local residents’livelihoods in the context of forest tenure reform.Drawing on the experience of Kenya and South Africa,it put forward some policy recommendations that would be conducive to improving the reform of China’s collective forest tenure system,the reform of state-owned forest farms and state-owned forest areas,and the national park management mechanism.