带薪休假能促进国内旅游消费吗?——基于“中国国民旅游休闲调查”的检验

Can Paid Vacation Promote Domestic Tourism Consumption?——Based on the Chinese National Tourism Leisure Survey

近年来,带薪休假制度日益成为社会、经济、民生领域的热点话题。中国于2008年便确立了带薪休假制度,10年过去,该制度却始终未得到全面落实。从假日经济的角度审视,带薪休假是否能够促进旅游消费,具有经济效应,这是研究中国带薪休假制度落实的重要议题,需要细致的定量测算支持。文章建立'假日-消费模型',利用原国家旅游局的多省市调查数据,分析带薪休假对国内旅游消费的影响。研究结果表明,带薪休假对国内旅游消费及其子类消费具有显著的积极效应,带薪休假每增加10%,个体的旅游消费将有望增加1.69%,带薪休假的消费潜力有待挖掘。对此,文章提出,坚持推进带薪休假制度的落实具有真实的经济社会效应。并且,可以通过优化假日结构来加速带薪休假的落实,如鼓励个人和企业将带薪休假和周休日结合,形成富有效率的'机动黄金周',或将带薪休假与公共假日相结合,充分发挥假日经济效应。

In recent years,paid vacation system has become a popular topic in the fields of society,the economy,and people’s livelihoods.However,since paid vacation system was established in 2008,it has yet to be fully implemented.From the standpoint of the holiday economy,the aspect of whether paid vacation can make a positive contribution to tourism consumption and have a positive economic effect on this consumption is an important issue.The issue requires careful quantitative measurement and investigative support.The present study establishes the Holiday Consumption Model and analyzes the impact of paid vacation on domestic tourism consumption.It does so by using the 2016 Chinese Tourism and Leisure Survey data from the former China National Tourism Administration.The results of this study show that paid vacation has a substantial positive effect on domestic travel consumption.Individual domestic tourism consumption will increase by 1.69%in accordance with every 10%increase in paid vacation that is given.Paid vacation also stimulates six subgroups of domestic tourism consumption.In fact,a10%increase of paid vacation will promote tourism expenditure for transportation(1.6%),accommodation(1.56%),food and beverage(2.28%),tickets(1.44%),shopping(2.9%),and entertainment(2.33%).In relation to this,the potential for the consumption of paid vacation must also be explored.Compared with the National Day Golden Week,Week Break and Public Holidays,paid vacation has a greater impact on tourists’various types of subclass consumption,and its effects on food and beverage,shopping,and entertainment consumption are greater than on other holidays.This study also finds that National Day Golden Week and Week Break have a significant positive effect on domestic tourism consumption.A 10%increase of the vacation time in the National Day Golden Week and Week Break is found to be beneficial for increasing tourism consumption by 1.5%and 2.3%,respectively.National Day Golden Week still has a strong tourism consumption effect and offers huge potential for the weekend travel market.Additionally,this study analyzes key holiday tourism consumption data in China from recent years,and shows that the positive effect paid vacation brings is closely related with tourists’increasing willingness to travel during that paid vacation.Stronger willingness to travel during paid vacation works in parallel toward promoting the effect of such vacation on tourism consumption.We therefore believe that implementation of paid vacation systems has a tangible economic and social effect.Our results are helpful toward answering questions surrounding the issue of the tourism consumption effect of paid vacation;they strengthen existing research through theoretical model construction and large-scale data empirical testing.Moreover,the identified positive effect of paid vacation on tourism consumption provides strong economic support for steady advancement of the paid vacation system.Implementation of paid vacation should be accelerated by optimizing the holiday structure.For example,the government can form an efficient'Flexible Golden Week'by encouraging individuals and companies to combine paid vacation with Week Break,or with Public Holidays,to fully realize the effects of the holiday economy.Furthermore,greater attention should be paid to the problems existing between tourism supply and demand caused by the paid vacation system.We suggest that governments improve the holiday tourism coordination mechanism and promote the functioning of urban tourism services,and tourism enterprises fully understand the new demands of the tourism market and provide diversified seasonal and year-round tourism products.