上海迪士尼国内旅游流地理分布与流动特征

Geographical Distribution and Flows of Chinese Tourists to Shanghai Disneyland

上海迪士尼主题乐园作为都市旅游发展新要素,具有强烈旅游辐射效应。从旅游者视角研究上海迪士尼旅游流空间分布与流动对于主题公园类旅游者空间行为及流动提供理论认识,对合理有效地组织城市内部和跨区域旅游空间结构和旅游线路开发提供实践借鉴。文章基于实地调研获得旅游活动空间数据,研究上海迪士尼旅游者在上海市、长三角区域和全国不同尺度目的地内的空间分布形态和旅游流流动特征。研究表明:(1)上海迪士尼国内旅游者在沪内有向高禀赋旅游景区集聚趋势,沪内旅游热点主要集中在中心城区和浦东新区。(2)旅游者在长三角区域内较多活跃于江浙省份的热门旅游城市,在上海、南京、杭州、苏州、嘉兴核心旅游城市间进行旅游客流的集聚和扩散。(3)旅游者在全国范围空间分布呈现不均衡性,旅游流集散有明显的'东部指向性'和'大中城市指向性'特征。热点区主要位于长三角区域,旅游者在沪外的目的地选择呈现明显的'近沪性'空间分布格局。

The theme park of Shanghai Disneyland is a new element in metropolitan tourism development.It has exerted a strong effect on tourism development in Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta region and also become a prime tourist destination in China.Accordingly,it is appropriate to examine the characteristics of the spatial distribution and flows of Chinese tourists to Shanghai Disneyland.Such a study would allow theoretical understanding of the spatial behavior and flow of tourists to the theme park;it would also offer a practical reference for effective organization of local and inter-regional development of the spatial structure of tourism and design of tourist itineraries.Using field survey data,we adopted a statistical method,ArcGIS spatial analysis,and social network analysis to examine the spatial distribution and behavior of Chinese tourists to Shanghai Disneyland.From spatial data of tourists’activities,we determined the spatial distribution and flow characteristics of tourists in Shanghai,Yangtze River Delta,and nationwide.We obtained the following results.(1)Chinese tourists to Shanghai Disneyland tend to go to high-profile,quality tourism destinations.With respect to tourism nodes in Shanghai,we found the greatest concentration of tourists in the central city and Pudong New Area.We observed that the following destinations were popular among the tourists:the Bund,Nanjing Road Pedestrian Street,the Oriental Pearl Tower,City God Temple,and Shanghai Science and Technology Museum.(2)In the Yangtze River Delta region,Chinese tourists to Shanghai Disneyland preferred popular tourist cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces,especially Nanjing,Hangzhou,Suzhou,and Jiaxing.Domestic tourists displayed a clear preference for the core tourism cities of Shanghai,Nanjing,Hangzhou,Suzhou,and Jiaxing.(3)We found that nationwide,there was an uneven spatial distribution of destinations among Chinese tourists to Shanghai Disneyland.The tourists tended to visit places in the eastern part of the country as well as large and medium-sized cities.Countrywide,the tourist hot spots were mainly located in the Yangtze River Delta region;outside Shanghai,there was a clear spatial distribution pattern of places that were close to Shanghai.Thus,Chinese visitors to Shanghai Disneyland tended to make trips to nearby cities.We also examined the scale-span research content of tourist flow:that could aid decision making in management for tourism planning and marketing to promote the integrated development of tourism in Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta.We found that developing transport links among tourist spots in Shanghai would be an effective way to promote the city’s tourism marketing resources;further,developing inter-regional tourist routes would provide benefits for the coordinated development of inter-regional tourism.