模糊词语的模糊释义法研究——以《现代汉语词典》的释义为例

The Research on the Method of Ambiguous Interpretation of Fuzzy Words——Take the Interpretation of the Modern Chinese Dictionary as an Example

语文词典该运用怎样的方法来对模糊词语释义?这是一个无可回避却至今无人回答的问题。本文以《现代汉语词典》中所收的模糊词语为研究对象,通过对该词典中模糊词语的释义进行考察,从而归纳出'模糊词语的模糊释义法'。所谓模糊词语的模糊释义法,是指主要运用模糊语言来解释模糊词语的方法,具体来说,主要有模糊种差定义法、模糊限制法、模糊描写法、比喻释义法、定量释义法、序列比较释义法、对比释义法、否定释义法和模糊词语明晰化等九种。本文的创新点主要在于首次创造性地提出了'模糊词语的模糊释义法',并将其运用于语文词典的编纂实践,具有理论的创新性与实践的管用性。这对于语文词典的编纂与修订工作具有一定的指导意义。

What method should the language dictionary use to interpret fuzzy words? This is a question which cannot be avoided and nobody answers. considering the study of the interpretation of fuzzy words in the modern Chinese dictionary, This paper inducts the method of ambiguous interpretation of fuzzy words which refers to using vague language to interpret fuzzy words. To be specific, this method includes means of definition of vague difference, means of vague limit, means of vague description, means of figurative interpretation, means of quantitative interpretation,interpretative means of sequential comparison,means of contrastive interpretation, means of negative interpretation and means of making fuzzy words clear. The innovation of this paper is bringing out the method of ambiguous interpretation of fuzzy words firstly and applying it to the compilatory practice of Chinese dictionary. In a word,This has some guiding significance for the compilation and revision of Chinese dictionary.