一部散佚的训诂要籍——《义训》辑考

Investigation on the Text of the Lost Book YiXun(《义训》),a Significant Book in the History of Exegesis Subject

义训作为一种训诂方式,学者们并不陌生,然而作为一部训诂要籍的名字,《义训》却并不为人所熟知。我们考察后认为《义训》的作者当为东晋学者顾夷,该书又名《顾子义训》,全书10卷,是一部小学训诂类著作而非儒家思想类典籍。古代不少典籍都引用了该书的材料,一些书目中也有相关介绍。《义训》的编排体例可能类似于《尔雅》《广雅》,其释义方式主要采用义训。书中保留了不少有关名物的珍贵解释,应当引起古代文献学及辞书学等相关研究领域的重视。

As an interpretation method,YiXun(义训)is familiar to the scholars,but it was strange to the majority as a title of a book in the history of exegesis subject. Through investigation,we concluded that YiXun(《义训》)is a book on Chinese exegetics but not one on Confucianism,which has 10 volumes and another title Guzi YiXun(《顾子义训》),and have been quoted by many ancient literatures and introduced in some ancient booklists, whose author is Guyi(顾夷),a scholar of the East Jin Dynasty.The text of YiXun may be arranged like Er Ya(《尔雅》)and Guang Ya(《广雅》),whose interpretation method is YiXun( ie.to interpret just by meaning but not through the grapheme or pronunciation of a word).There are a lot of interpretations of plants, animals and other objects in YiXun, which should be regarded with more care by Philology, Lexicography and other related fields.