摘要
“子”尾亲属称谓词是元代以后才发展起来的特殊称谓现象,主要采用类推法造词,有“X+子”和“大/小X+子”两种模式。据环北京地区方志方言文献,“子”尾亲属称谓词多用于指称平辈姻亲亲属。“大/小X+子”是“大/小X”附加“子”尾演变而来的,是专门作从儿称谓的形式。亲属称谓词中的“子”尾属于表达性词缀,是表示非正式化功能的词语标记,部分词中还具有成词、变义、衍音等功能。
The term appellation of kinship with suffix" zi(子) " is a special title phenomenon developed after the Yuan Dynasty.It use the analogous method to create word,and there are two modes:"X+zi(子)" and "da/xiao(大/小)X+zi(子)".According to the dialect records of Beijing and its neighboring regional local records,kinship terms with suffix "zi(子)"often refer to relatives of in-laws or of the same generation."da/xiao(大/小) X+zi(子)"model is the "da/xiao(大/小)+X" model evolved by attaching to the suffix "zi(子)" and is specifically used as a form of teknonymy.The expressive suffix "zi(于)" in the kinship terms is a token of the word,which generally expresses non-serious,and some of them also have the lexical features of formation,ambiguity or syllable-adding.
作者
仝正涛
Tong Zheng-tao(Nanjing Normal University)
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目“元明清民国时期官话语音语料库平台建设与研究(项目号:17ZDA304)”
国家社科基金一般项目“明清以来河西方音研究(项目号:12BYY064)”
北京市社科基金重点项目“明清民国三代北京地区方志中方音研究(项目号:16YYA004)”阶段性成果
关键词
“子”尾
亲属称谓
造词法
语法功能
地方志
suffix "zi(子) "
relative appellation
word creating
lexical function
local re-cords
