宋元递修小字本《说文解字》版本考述——兼考元代西湖书院的两次版片修补

On the Revision of the Song Version Shuowen Jiezi Printed in Yuan Dynasty

徐铉雍熙三年校定的北宋国子监本《说文解字》,在《说文解字》的流传、刊布与研究史上,有着重要的意义。从版本源流看,今存的宋元递修小字本《说文解字》,祖出北宋国子监本,约开雕于南宋孝宗时期,宁宗年间修版,至元代时版片归西湖书院,入明后又移至南京国子监。参考存世的西湖书院参与刊刻或修补之其他书籍,考察《说文解字》各藏本的刻工和版片,排除描润和抄补因素后可知,今存的八帙宋本《说文解字》,均经过元代西湖书院的版片修补,而有早修本和晚修本两种印本差别。早修本经过元代一次修补版,版心下方一般有刻工姓名,保留了较多的早期面貌的文字、反切,修版约在大德前后。晚修本经过元代两次修补版,计补刻六页,并有大量修版,体现为剜去刻工、改用俗字、修改训释、更改反切、增删墨钉等典型现象,修版中的文字校改不精,反切或取《玉篇》《广韵》《增韵》等西湖书院其他印本,第二次修版约在元代末年。厘清宋版《说文解字》在元代的两次修补版情况,有助于判断清人《说文》校勘时所采用的校本性质,并在版本学上深化对元代西湖书院书籍刊刻活动的认识。

Shuowen was first printed in Guozijian early in Song Dynasty just after Xu Xuan finished the collation of Shuowen Jiezi in 986.The existing Song edition Shuowen Jiezi is based on the Guozijian version.It was first published in Xiaozong Period,and revised in Song Ningzong Period.The wood block were stored in Xihushuyuan in Yuan Dynasty and moved to Nanjing Guozijian after Ming Dynasty.This paper discussed the two revised version of Shuowen in Yuan Dynasty.During Yuan Dynasty,the wood block were revised in Dade period for the first time.The wood block were revised for the second time in late Yuan Dynasty,which includes a large number of revisions.