高水分蔬菜废物和花卉、鸡舍废物联合堆肥的中试研究

Co-composting of High Moisture Vegetable Waste, Flower Waste and Chicken Litter in Pilot Scale

以滇池流域的典型农业废物蔬菜、花卉废物和鸡舍废物为原料 ,进行了不同配比的联合堆肥中试研究 .一次发酵采用温度反馈通气量控制的静态好氧堆肥系统 ,二次发酵采用周期性翻堆自然腐熟 .在一次发酵阶段 ,堆体温度在 5 5℃以上保持至少 3d ,最高温度达 73 3℃ ,可有效杀灭致病菌 ;堆体含水率从 75 %降低到 5 6% ,多余水分得到快速去除 ;有机质从 65 %降低到 5 0 % ,pH值稳定在 8.二次发酵后堆肥产物的腐熟度和养分分析结果表明 ,产物稳定性好 ,养分含量高 .通过堆肥工艺的优化控制 ,蔬菜废物、花卉废物和鸡舍废物联合堆肥可以获得高质量的堆肥产品 ,废物还田能有效减少固体废物非点源污染。

Co composting of different mixture made of vegetable waste, flower waste and chicken litter were studied. The first stage of composting was aerobic static bed based temperature feedback and control via aeration rate regulation. The second stage was window composting. At first stage, the pile was insulated and temperatures of at least 55℃ were maintained for a minimum of 3 days. The highest temperature was up to 73 3℃. This is enough to kill pathogens. Moisture of pile decreased from 75% to 56% and organic matter was degraded from 65% to 50% during composting. The value of pH was stable at 8. Analysis of maturity and nutrition of compost showed that end products of composting ware bio stable and had abundant nutrition. This shows that co\|composting of vegetable waste, flower waste and chicken litter can get high quality compost by optimizing composting process during 45 days. Composting can decrease non point resource of organic solid waste by recycling nutrition to soil and improve fertility of soil.