植物皮类中药现代文献研究

Study on Modern Literatures about Plant Skin Type of Traditional Chinese Medicine

植物皮类中药在中医临床应用广泛,为探寻此类药物的药性特点,笔者对《中华本草》进行梳理,筛选出604味药物;对其进行分析,发现:此类药物分布在100个科属中,其中樟科和五加科数量最多;药用部位最多者为树皮,其后依次为根皮、茎皮、果皮、种皮、假种皮。四气属性以温性药物数量最多,其次为平性、凉性、寒性和热性。五味分析中味苦者最多,其次是辛味、甘味、酸味、咸味。在有归经记载的药物中,归肝经的药物占比最大,其后依次是归脾、胃、肾、大肠经。有毒药物64味,占比10.6%。可外用的药物418味,占比69.2%。现代研究表明:植物皮类中药多含生物碱、挥发油、黄酮、三萜、酚类化合物等化学成分,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒,抗肿瘤,抗氧化,调节心血管系统、免疫系统、消化系统功能等药理作用,广泛用于眼科、皮肤科、妇科以及呼吸和消化等系统疾病的治疗。

The plant skin type of traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. In order to explore the medicinal properties of these medicine,the author combs the Chinese Materia Medica and screens out 604 medicine. After analyzing them,it is found out that the medicine is distributed in 100 families and the largest numbers are in the families of Lauraceae and Araliaceae. It is also found out that the medicinal parts are mainly in the barks,followed by the root barks,stem barks,fruit peels,seed coats and arils. For the medicinal properties of the four natures of the medicine most of them are warm,followed by peaceful,cool,cold and hot. For the five flavors of the medicine most of them are bitter,followed by pungent,sweet,sour,and salty. Among the medicine that that has been distributed to the channel tropism,the medicine that is distributed to the liver channel has the largest proportion,followed by spleen channel,stomach channel,kidney channel and large intestine channel. There are 64 poisonous medicine,accounting for 10.6%. There are 418 medicine that can be used for external use,accounting for 69.2%. Modern research shows that the plant skin type of traditional Chinese usually contains many chemical constituents such as alkaloids,volatile oils,flavones,triterpene and phenolic compounds. The medicine has the pharmacological effects as antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-viral,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,cardiovascular regulation,immune system regulation and digestive system regulation. The medicine is widely used in the treatment of the diseases about ophthalmology,dermatology,gynecology,respiratory system and digestive system.