底层民众与城市近代化——以民国西安人力车夫为中心的考察

Underlying People and Urban Modernization: An Analysis of Rickshaw Pullers in Xi'an during the Period of Republic of China

文章从城市近代化视角揭示民国西安人力车夫的发展背景,从移民推拉力机制理论思考人力车夫群体发展的阶段特征与动力,通过对人力车分析民国西安公共交通的曲折历程,探讨人力车夫在民国西安城市公共交通中的作用,并从底层视角考察人力车夫的生存状况,展现其作为社会底层民众在民国时期生活的艰苦与困窘。人力车与人力车夫在西安城市近代社会经济生活中发挥的作用与其悲惨的生活状况,在一定程度上反映了中国城市近代化过程的曲折与矛盾。

During the Republican period,the rickshaw pullers gradually became the biggest workers’ group in Xi’an. The study of rickshaw pullers starts from the formation of them,analyzes the stage characteristics and finds the economic and social reasons. Then it explores the role of rickshaw pullers played in Xi’an public traffic by analyzing the operation space of the rickshaw pullers. It shows the miserable life of rickshaw pullers by analyzing the rickshaw pullers’ living space and living condition. The role of the rickshaws and pullers played in the social and economic life of modern Xi’an and the miserable life of them,reflects the urbanization of modern Chinese society followed an uneven course and underwent a lot of difficulties.