美国政治献金中的“暗钱”及其影响

“Dark Money”in American Political Contributions and Its Influence

在美国的政治选举中,“金主”除了可以公开向候选人、政党和政治行动委员会捐献受到法律限制的“硬钱”和通过“527组织”和“超级政治行动委员会”介入选举之外,还可以借助所谓的“政治非营利性组织”为伪装,支出大量不受限制和不需公开的“暗钱”来干预和操纵选举。近年来,美国政治献金中的“暗钱”规模开始急剧膨胀,导致了选举的竞争性和公正性不断下降,党派之间的政治极化也愈演愈烈。此外,“暗钱”还成为滋生腐败的温床,选举官员更多的是回应“金主”的特殊诉求而非普通选民的一般利益。异军突起的“暗钱”洪流已经成为影响美国政治选举不容忽视的重要力量,同时也充分暴露了美国政治的“金主”本质。

In the political elections in the United States,the"Golden Lord"can publicly donate“hard money”restricted by law to candidates,political parties,and political action committees,and participate in elections through the“527 Organization”and“Super Political Action Committee”.It is also possible to use the so-called“political non-profit organization”as a disguise to spend a large amount of unrestricted and undisclosed"dark money"to intervene and manipulate the election.In recent years,the scale of“dark money”in US political contributions has begun to expand rapidly,leading to the continuous decline in the competitiveness and fairness of elections,and the political polarization between parties has intensified.In addition,“dark money”has become a breeding ground for corruption.Electoral officials are more responsive to the special appeal of the“Golden Lord"than the general interests of ordinary voters.The suddenly emerging flood of“dark money”has become an important force that can not be ignored in the US political elections,but also fully reveals the“golden master”essence of American politics.