从语篇信息的角度看显性连贯语篇的衔接条件

The Cohesiveness of the Explicitly Coherent Text in Terms of Textual Information

关于语篇连贯的确切标准问题众说纷纭。莱因哈特认为 ,语篇连贯可区分为显性连贯和隐性连贯 ,隐性连贯的解释依赖语用含义。显性连贯必须满足连贯的三个条件 :衔接性、一致性和关联性。韩礼德和哈桑提出了达到显性连贯语篇衔接性的几种衔接手段 ,但都只是基于表面形式 ,而没有从语篇信息的角度做进一步的明确界定。一个语篇单位可以用指代连接和语义连接词这两个衔接手段达到衔接 ,从而达到连贯。但这两个衔接手段是受条件限制的 ,只有当一个句子中突显性分句的某一部分即句子中的主要信息部分与下文发生联系时 ,语篇才能衔接 ;而当指代连接或语义连接词将下文与上文中的非突显信息相联系时 ,语篇则不会衔接。

There has been much controversy on the issue of the precise criteria for textual coherence. A distinction can be made between explicit and implicit coherence according to Reinhart. Implicit coherence can be interpreted in terms of pragmatic implicature. Explicitly coherent texts are those that meet the following three conditions for coherence: cohesion, consistency and relevance. The cohesive devices put forward by Halliday and Hasan cannot fully account for the cohesion of an explicitly coherent text mainly because they are based on mere formal properties instead of textual meaning and information. Cohesive discourse results when some part of a sentence's dominant clause, i.e. the main point of the sentence, is connected with succeeding sentences. When cohesive devices, whether they are referential links or semantic connectors, connect succeeding sentences with information that is not dominant in the discourse, incohesive discourse results.