史诗剧场与残酷戏剧:现代剧场政体的意识形态批判

The Epic Theatre and The Theatre of Cruelty:The Ideological Criticize of the Mo dern Theatre System

布莱希特假设 ,幻觉戏剧本身即是作为幻觉的资产阶级意识形态的一部分 ,史诗剧场的间离效果能够将作为资本主义社会大众的观众从戏剧与意识形态的幻觉中分离出来。阿尔托认为 ,流行的所谓心理现实主义戏剧 ,不过是现代文明伪善与迷幻的舞台形式 ,残酷戏剧以令人震惊的方式打破这一弥漫整个社会的幻梦 ,引起疗救。布鲁克试图在反抗流行戏剧与意识形态的立场上结合阿尔托与布莱希特 ,不仅找到了史诗剧场与残酷戏剧可以分享的意识形态批判基点 ,还找到了史诗剧场与残酷戏剧共同指向的现代戏剧作为人的集体精神仪式的创造方向。戏剧是一种打破现代文明意识形态幻象的精神仪式 ,它以美学解放的方式超越意识形态霸权 ,给人一种精神再生的机会。

The Epic Theatre presupposed a rational and dialectical approach to modern criti cs of ideology,meanwhile the Theater of Cruelty tended toward a mystical\|spirit ual or metaphysical view of theatre,but they both shared a common supposition of critical ideology.P.Brook tried to construct their coincident base on the criti cal resistance to the illusion of both traditional theatre and ideology,which no t only discovered the spiritual core of Post\|modernist experimental theatre,but also directed to a new theatre as human aesthetically emancipating rite.