汉语方言字的性质、来源、类型和规范

On Characters of Chinese Dialect

汉语方言字是指在特定方言区内通行、专门用以记录某一方言口语的文字形式 ,具有与普通汉字不完全相同的性质。汉语方言字主要来源于传统的字典辞书、地方韵书或方言词典、民间文艺作品与地名用字 ,在类型上则可分为本字、训读字、假借字与自造字四种。当前汉语方言字在造字与用字方面都十分混乱 ,处于无政府状态 ,给人们的社会生活与研究工作、电脑使用等带来诸多不便 ,因此对方言用字进行规范、建立一套方言用字系统便显得十分必要。

Characters of Chinese dialect are a kind of character form that is not as same as the common Chinese characters in quality that are used to record a special dialect in a special dialectal area. Characters of Chinese dialect chiefly root in traditional dictionaries of characters, regional phonetic dictionaries, dictionaries of dialect, folklore and characters used in place names. They comprise the initial characters, the meaning loan characters, the phonetic loan characters and the self made characters. Currently, they are so confused in use and creation that they bring much inconvenience to social living, researching, using of computer and so on. So, it appears very important to set up a set of system to standardization the using.