我国土地经营规模的区域差异性分析

ANALYSIS ON REGIONAL DIFFERENCE IN LAND SCALE MANAEMENT IN CHINA

土地经营的规模是与一定的自然、经济、社会、技术条件相适应的 ,其本身是一个相对的、动态的、因地而异的范畴 ,它的大小是由若干可变因素决定的。现阶段我国不同地区完全可以开始实行不同形式、不同层次、不同规模级的土地规模经营 ,并逐渐向具有完整涵义的规模经营过渡。本文分析了土地经营规模的影响因素和我国推行规模经营的条件 ,给出了土地经营规模的测算方法 ,根据区域差异性对全国 30个省级行政单位进行了聚类分析 ,并指明了各类进行土地规模经营的发展方向。

The land scale management is the demand of rural economic development when the rural economy reaches a cetain stage. The land scale land management is suitable for the certain conditions of nature, economy, society and technology. The central problem of the research on land scale management is to determine the scale of land management. To rationally determinate the scale of land management in a region is the basic demand of modern agricultural production, which is guided by economic results principle, social and ecological effect principle. On the basis of analyzing the factor, which influence the scale of land management, in this paper we have proviced the method for different regions to calculate their scale of land management and calculated the scale of land management in our country at present (1996) by using the data of the regular survey spot in the rural areas. With a vast territory, our country is not in the balance of the distribution and the development of land resources, agricultural laborers, economic level and the level of productiving among regions. Therefore the conditions of land scale management in our country are different from regions. On the basis of the regional diffeence, we have diviced 30 province administration units into three big types and five small types and pointed out the developing direction of the land scale management for each type. Type Ⅰ are the regions with abundant cultivated land resources and mainly distribute in the northeast and northwest. Moreover the regions of type Ⅰ 2 should pay more attention to explore the depth of resources and expand intensified agriculture. Type Ⅱ are the regions with inadequate cultivated land resources and well developed economy. The regions of type Ⅱ 1 and some regions of type Ⅱ 2 can carry out land scale management to realize agriculture modernization. Type Ⅲ are the regions where the cultivated land resource is inadequate and the non agricultural economy is less developed. Therefore at present in our country different regions can take land scale management in different form, level and scale, which will transfer gradually to the land scale management with an integrated sense.