论思维方式的四种基本历史形态

On the Four Basic Historical Formations of Mode of Thinking

思维方式即人们在思维过程中所运用的各种思维模式、样式的总和。它是在人类认识和改造客观世界的实践活动中形成和发展起来的,是人的认识成果的内化。每一时代都有自己相应的思维方式,根据历史上各种思维方式的时代特征,可以把它们区分为四种基本的历史形态或类型,即直观猜测的思维方式、封闭式和教条式的思维方式、机械分析的思维方式和辩证综合的思维方式。

Mode of thinking is the sum total of various ways people use in the process of their thinking. It is formed and developed in the practice of man's activities in understanding and changing the objective world and it is the inner digestion of man's understanding of the world.Each time has its own mode of thinking. According to the time characteristics of various ways of thinking in the history, we may divide them into four basic historical formations or types: direct conjecture of mode of thinking, closed and dogmatic mode of thinking, mechanical analysis of mode of thinking and dialectical summarization of mode of thinking.