以色列野生二粒小麦苗期抗病性鉴定

Resistance of Wild Emmers from Israel to Wheat Rusts and Powdery Mildew at Seedling Stage

野生二粒小麦是小麦抗病育种的重要资源库之一。为了了解野生二粒小麦对我国小麦白粉病和锈病的抗性表现,通过接种试验对采自以色列16个不同地区的152份野生二粒小麦材料进行了白粉病和条锈、叶锈病的苗期抗性鉴定。结果表明,其中有86.8%的材料对小麦白粉菌15号小种表现高抗,对小麦条锈菌小种条中29、31、32的抗性主要集中在来自Mt.Hermon地区的材料上。所有鉴定材料均不抗小麦叶锈菌小种THT和PHT。由于野生二粒小麦与普通小麦杂交比较容易,因而其抗病性可通过杂交和回交向普通小麦转移,可进一步丰富我国小麦抗病育种的抗源。

Wild emmer is one of the important genetic resources for wheat breeding. In order to investigate the response of wild emmer to wheat rusts and powdery mildew in China, One hundred and fifty two accessions of wild emmers collected from Israel were tested for their resistance to wheat stripe rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew at seedling stage. The results indicated that 86.8% of the accessions screened were resistant to powdery mildew race 15. Most of the accessions collected from Mt. Hermon were resistant to wheat stripe rust races CY29, CY31 and CY32, but those collected from other locations were invariably susceptible. All accessions tested were susceptible to the wheat leaf rust races THT and PHT. Wild emmer can be crossed with common wheat with no difficulty, so the resistance germplasm found in the study are very useful to diversify the disease resistance genes for wheat breeding in China.