春小麦新种质陇矮1号矮秆性状的遗传研究

Genetic Rule of Dwarf Character of New Wheat Germplasm Long'ai 1

为了深入了解春小麦新创种质陇矮1号的矮秆性遗传规律,2000～2001年对"陇矮1号"的矮秆遗传特性进行了较为系统的研究。从"陇矮1号"分别与三个高秆亲本"老芒麦"、"和尚头"和"高原602"的杂种F1代株高表现可知,其F1代株高介于高亲值与中亲值之间,且D为负值,说明"陇矮1号"的矮秆特性受隐性矮秆基因控制。"陇矮1号"与"老芒麦"、"和尚头"和"高原602"的F2代株高分离表明,"陇矮1号"的矮秆特性受2对或2对以上隐性基因控制。此外,超亲分离表明"陇矮1号"的矮秆特性还受到一些微效基因的影响。对各组合回交世代BC1和BC2株高分离结果进行χ2测验,BC1的矮秆株数与半矮秆株数之比为3∶1,而BC2的半矮秆株数与高秆株数之比为1∶3。因此,推断"陇矮1号"的矮秆特性受2对主效隐性矮秆基因控制。

In order to study the genetic rule of new wheat germplasm Longai 1 which was created by Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Longai 1 was hybridzed with taller parent Laomangmai, Heshangtou and Plateau 602, respectively. The results showed that the plant height of F1 generation were between the average of parents and the taller parent, and all the D values were negative. It indicated that the plant height of Longai 1 was controlled by recessive genes. The segration proportion of F2 generation plant height showed that Longai 1 had at lest two recessive genes for plant height. It could also be found from the F2 that Longai 1 had some minor genes affecting its plant height. The segregation of plant height in BC1 and BC2 showed that Longai 1 had two recessive dwarf genes.