陕西沙棘资源建设与产业化发展现状及思路

Hyppophae rhamnoides Resource Management andIndustrialization in Shaanxi Province

沙棘具有耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄、抗晒、抗风、抗冲刷等生物学和生态学特性 ,是能帮助人类同时解决贫穷、疾病和生态环境三大难题尚待全面开发的植物。回顾了陕西沙棘资源建设概况和沙棘的产业化发展情况及采取的主要技术措施 ;并划分了沙棘种植区域类型 ,进行了效益分析 ,认为 ,沙棘是 2 1世纪的水果、药物、绿色食品和绿化的先锋树种 ,是黄土高原生态和沙漠化治理的“突破性”树种和法宝 ,沙棘产业大有发展前途 ,是我国农业“入世”后极具国际竞争力的新型产业。一是资源优势。我国沙棘资源占全世界沙棘资源的 90 %以上 ,资源优势是任何一个发达国家无法与我国竞争的。而陕西沙棘资源名列全国第二。二是人力优势。沙棘产品的加工中 ,果实的采收是典型的劳动密集型行业 ,我国、我省有丰富廉价的劳动力资源。三是产品加工工艺方面 ,我国虽起步较晚 ,但起点高 ,进展快 ,工艺先进。沙棘产品包括食品、饮品、药品、化妆品 ,这些产品都属于显著影响人体健康水平的特殊领域 。

Hippophae rhamnoides has the characteristics of environmental resistant,in cold,drought,barren,wind and erosion. The plant can help mankind to solve poverty, disease and environment problems at the same time. The author reviewed the general situation of Hyppophae rhamnoides resources namagemant, its industrialization and adopted main technique measures in Shaanxi Province; divided the planting region sorts; analised its benefits. The result indicated that Hyppophae rhamnoides is a kind of fruit, medicine, green food and greening pioneer tree of the 21st century. It is a magic tree in deal with Loess Plateau ecological problems and desertification. The Hyppophae rhamnoides industrialization has great development outlook and will be a new type of industry for international competition as there are above 90% resources of sea buckthorn of the world in China; its resource in Shaanxi Province is in the second place in the country; there are rich and low cost labour force in China. Although its industrilization is a little bit late, the jumping off point higher, developing fast and advanced techniques. Its products include food, drink, physic and makeup fields. Those products belong to special fields for affecting people health level greatly, so its utilization should be in high tech models and meet the market demands.