西藏那曲地区高山嵩草草地的分布与利用

Distribution and Utilization of Kobresia pygmaea type Pastures in Naqu Prefecture of Tibet

高山嵩草是高寒草甸主要的草种。以高山嵩草为建群种的草地面积占西藏那曲地区草地总面积的 17.4 3% ,也是该地区中部畜牧业发展的主要草地类型。本文详述了那曲地区高山嵩草草地的分布、面积、产草量、质量及利用现状 ,分析了在利用中存在的问题 ,提出了尽快落实草场承包责任制 ,严格控制载畜量 ,调整畜群结构和年龄组合 ,大力发展围栏草场和人工草场的对策及发展季节畜牧业的方向。

Kobresia pymaea is a dominant herbaceous species of the alpine meadow. This type of pastures make up 17.43% of the total pasture area of Naqu Prefecture, and are most important for the central Naqu's livestock farming. The paper tells of the distribution, acreage, output, quality, and utilization of the Kobresia pygmaea type meadows, and analyses the existing problems concerning the efficient use of the pastures. The paper also offers some suggestions which include:the earliest possible adoption of pasture-contracting-out system, rigid limiting of the number of livestock grazing on the pastures, adjusting of the kinds and classes of the livestock, fencing of pastures and cultivating of new ones, and developing of seasonal ranching.