客赣方言研究的回顾与展望

Retrospect & Prospect of the Study on Hakka and Gan Dialects

早在清代末年就开始了客家方言的研究,但大都是用传统语文学的理论方法对词汇进行考释。20世纪50年代以来,特别是在20世纪末,客家方言研究进入了一个全面发展的历史时期。赣方言研究起步较晚,1936年罗常培先生写成《临川音系》一书。1979年《方言》创刊,熊正辉率先就南昌方言发表系列论文,揭开了赣方言研究新的篇章。客赣方言比较研究则始终是围绕着客赣方言的关系问题而展开的。作为汉语的两大方言,人们对它们的语言特色仍然有不识庐山真面目之感。因此,客赣方言的研究还有许多工作要做,这两种方言的研究大有搞头。

Early in the late Qing Dynasty,the study of the Hakka dialect began but it was limited to lexical explanations and annotations under the traditional theory and methodology of philology. From the 1950s,especially from the end of the 20th century, the study of Hakka dialect entered into a new historical stage of full development. Luo Changpei wrote the book Linchuan Phonology in 1936.However,the study of Gan dialect started rather late. It turned to the new chapter of the study on Gan dialect when Fanyan (Dialect) was published in 1979 and Xiong Zhenghui took the lead in publishing a series of papers of Nanchang dialect in the journal. The comparative study between Hakka and Gan dialects had been unfolded and its emphasis was put on the problem of the relations of Hakka-Gan dialects all the time. They are 2 main dialects of the Chinese language,but we haven't known much about their linguistic characteristics yet. So,in the study on Hakka and Gan dialects, there is a long way to go.