海南历史上著名疟区南桥疟疾现状的调查

AN INVESTIGATION ON PRESENT MALARIA CONDITION IN A FAMOUS HISTORICAL EPIDEMIC AREA——NANQIAO DISTRICT OF HAINAN PROVINCE

通过寄生虫学和血清学调查显示,经过30多年的防治,南桥的疟疾已有较明显的下降,但部分居民点疟疾传播仍较严重,这些黎、苗族农民居民点和农场居民点平均原虫率高达10.4%和8.5％,疟疾荧光抗体阳性率高达32.6%和20.6％,个别农场居民点甚至发生暴发流行。当地农民上山种植并住宿者高达30％,致使发生当前持续传播方式—“上山感染”。调查群众疟防知识贫乏,缺乏蚊帐,基层卫生组织薄弱,病人治疗不彻底等与疟疾流行密切相关。应将疟防策略从生物医学模式转变到新的社会生态医学模式上来,把疟疾控制纳入到初级卫生保健中去。

The surveys of parasitology, serology and concerned socioecon-mical factors were carried out in 6 villages of Li and Miao minoritisand in a township plus 5 residential quarters of Han nationality all belonging to a state-run farm during October 1991. As a result, on an average the parasite rate of Li and Miao's villages and Han's residential quarters was 10.4% and 8.5% respectively; the parasitic composition was found to be 76.3% of Plasmodium vivax,11.8% of P.falciparum and 11.9% of mixed infection with both the species and the positive rate of IFAT wat 32.6% and 21.5% respectively on an average. The incidence of malaria was calculated by case report which was 4.4% and 6.1% in 6 villages and 5 residential quarters respectives between Jan.and Oct 1991. All these indicate that malaria condition in Nanqiao District is unstable and the epidemic potential is high at present.