有围生期高危因素的学龄前期儿童行为调查及分析

The effect of perinatal risk factors on children's behavioral problems

目的 探讨有围生期高危因素的儿童学龄前期的行为问题。方法 对 6 5例有围生期高危因素的儿童和 14 4例正常儿童进行有关行为及其相关因素的调查。在儿童 4～ 7岁时用Achenbach儿童行为量表、家庭社会情况调查问卷和儿童健康调查问卷进行调查。用Logistic多元回归、t检验和卡方检验的统计学方法处理和分析所得资料。结果 有围生期高危因素的儿童行为异常检出率为 2 4 6 2 % ,正常儿童为 10 4 2 % ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1) ,相对危险度为 2 36。在有围生期高危因素的儿童中有围生期脑损伤的儿童行为异常检出率为35 % ,而没有围生期脑损伤的儿童行为异常检出率为 8% ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。在发现的行为异常中 ,外向的有 6例 ,内向的有 1例。结论 有围生期高危因素的儿童学龄前行为异常检出率高于正常儿童 ,尤其是有围生期脑损伤的儿童。发现的行为异常中以外向性行为问题为主。

Objective To study the effect of perinatal risk factors on children's behavioral problems.Methods We studied 65 children with perinatal risk factors and 144 normal controls aged between four and seven.Their parents completed several questionaire including the Achenbach's child behavioral checklist and forms on home environment and children's health condition.To analyze all data by using logistic regression,test and crosstabs analysis.Results The rate of behavioral problem in children with perinatal risk factors was 24\^62%,much higher than that of normal controls which was 10\^42%.The relative risk was 2\^36.Among those who experienced perinatal risk,those who had perinatal brain injury had a significantly high rate of behavioral problem.The rate was 35%,much higher than that of the ones without perinatal brain injury,which was 8%.There were 16 children with perinatal risk factors had behavioral problems.Among them 6 were extroversive and only one was introversive.Conclusion The children with perinatal risk factors have more behavioral problems than the normal ones,especially those with perinatal brain injury.Among the children with behavioral problem,from our study,we find the extroversive behavioral problems hold the majority.