石油对紫贻贝早期发育影响的研究

A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF MUSSEL MYTILUS EDULIS

紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis L.)不同发育阶段,对海洋石油污染的敏感性差异很大。本文初步研究了20号轻柴油,对胚胎和早期面盘幼虫生长发育的影响。研究结果表明,低浓度污染(1.25、2.50mg·L^(-1)),对早期生长率的影响较小;中等浓度(5.00mg·L^(-1))对生长率的影响显著(P<0.05);高浓度污染(10.00mg·L^(-1)),影响极显著(P<0.01)。油污染对早期发育死亡率影响较明显,随着浓度梯度的增加,早期发育阶段死亡率也随之增加。实验过程中发现,石油污染,对紫贻贝担轮幼虫阶段,有较强的致畸效应,而对面盘幼虫阶段的致畸效应,有所下降。随着胚胎不断发育,畸形个体大量死亡,畸形率有下降的趋势。

Different development periods of mussel Mytilus edulis have a great diversity of sensitivity to petroleum pollution. This article presents research results of the effects of light diesel oil on the embryonic and the early stage veliger development, showing that low concentrations(1.25, 2.50mg·L^(-1)) petroleum pollution has relatively little affection, medieum concentration(5.00mg·L^(-1)) obvious affection(P<0.05) and high concentration(10.00mg·L^(-1)) significant affection(P<0.01) on the early growth rate. Petroleum pollution has obvious affection on the early development, death rate, with the increase of concentration gradient rises the death rate at the early development stage. Furthermore, the experiments reveal that petroleum pollution has strong malformation effects on the trochphore stage mussel and decreasing malformation effects on the veliger. As the embroyo develops constantly, a great deal of malformed individuals die, and the malformation rate tends to decrease.