中国对虾大面积养殖高产技术研究

STUDY ON MEASURES FOR ACHIEVING HIGH YIELD ON PENAEID SHRIMP (PENAEUS CHINENSIS) CULTURE

于1987—1991年,在河北省唐海县十里海养殖场进行了中国对虾大面积集约化养殖高产技术研究,内容报告于下。

A 1987-1991 study on measures for achieving high yield in penaeid culture was carried out in cultivation waters on such aspects as hatching and rearing of penaeid seedlings, the gro-wing-up of larvae, disease prevention and cure, and cultivation management. The results indicate that adoption of new measures such as raising of temperature, alteration of the first food, and proper regulation of water intake and drainage, the survival rate at hatching, and rear output of cultured penaeid seedlings have greatly increased. Over 300000 penaeid seedlings per cu·m of water body has been achieved in high-density rearing of seedlings, During the growing-up period, the amounts of water intake and drainage and the method of changing water during various stages of cultivation, were studied to gain knowledge for application to improving the water supply system.Feeding techniques were studied and proper time and amounts for feeding have been worked out based on penaid shrimp feeding habits. New techniques have been developed for measuring the number of seedlings. Measurement accuracy of over 90% was achieved by taking the number of seedling as the base, and use of theoretical derivation, actual measured figures, weighing, and contrasting. The adoption of the method of directly putting penaeid seedlings in large areas of water to breed has effectively made use of their rapid growing period (May-July), thus greatly raising the survival rate and growth rate during the early stage.A chivese drug (Hystatin) tried out during rearing of shrimp larvae, can effectively control the disease caused by Lagenidium sp. and kill Zoothammim sp. A new-type medicated food was developed during the growing period. The Pattern of sole use of antibiotics for prevention and cure of shrimp diseases was modified by addition of Chinese herbal medicine to feed. This medicated food has not only marked curative effect but is also safe and reliable.The high yield measures adopted in this study increased the average yield per mu in the study area to 211.6 kg for 4 years, and the 12.8cm body length achieved is a high level point of penaeid culture in large areas of water.