美国外商制造业直接投资区域分异模式研究

Regional Patterns of the Location of Foreign-owned Manufacturing Establishments in the U.S.A.

本文以美国经济区为基本地域单元 ,以区位商和相关系数为主要研究指标 ,从一般投资区位和新建投资区位两方面研究了美国外商制造业直接投资区域分异模式。主要研究结论如下 :外商制造业企业就业与美国制造业企业就业的区域分布很相似 ,但更倾向于集中在美国东南部 ;外商新建投资企业相对集中在新英格兰部分地区和东南部 ,得克萨斯和路易丝安那海岸地区 ,密苏里州和伊利诺伊州西部 ;外商新建企业倾向于分布在高人口密度区 ,但相关性没有美国本国新建企业强 ;外商新建投资企业与外商并购企业的分布略有不同。

This paper analyzes describes the regional distribution of employment of foreign_owned manufacturing establishments in the U.S.A., with particular emphasis on greenfield investments between 1987and 1992. The geographic units used in the analysis are the 172 U.S. economic areas. The main findings from the analysis are the followings: (1) the regional distribution of employment of foreign_owned manufacturing establishments is generally similar to that of U.S._owned, howerer, foreign_owned manufacturing establishments tend to be more concentrated in the Southeast; (2) foreign_owned greenfield manufacturing establishments are relatively concentrated in parts of New England and the Southeast and in coastal Texas, Louisiana, Missouri and Western Illinois; (3) foreign_owned greenfield manufacturing establishments tend to be located in areas with high population, but the tendency is not as strong as it is compared with U.S._owned greenfield establishments; (4) the regional pattern of employments of foreign_owned greenfield manufacturing establishments set up in 1987-92 differs from the pattern of employments of the overall foreign_owned establishments that were acquired during this period.