国外大都市区规划体系评述

An Approach to the Planning Systems of Overseas Metropolitan Areas

本文探讨了国外大都市区在规划编制中的一些最新做法和特点 ,包括规划负责机构、规划组织体系、规划编制大纲三个方面 ,并介绍了美国纽约、英国伦敦和日本近畿圈规划的特点。由于各国管理制度的差异性和大都市区组织结构的多样性 ,国外大都市区的规划呈现不同特点和效果。

This paper approaches the characteristics of metropolitan area planning systems abroad. Firstly, it divides them into three kinds of departments in making plans that are dependent on different management institutions in metropolitan areas. Then, it approaches the different planning systems and their effects on European metropolitan areas. Thirdly, the content of three metropolitan area plans abroad is briefly introduced. It has been found that there are two different features between the metropolitan area plan and city master plan. Firstly, for the reason that a metropolitan area often covers several administrative regions, it is necessary for the local governments within a metropolitan area to adopt cooperative action. Secondly, the plan of metropolitan area is not only a spatial strategy, but includes a comprehensive development of the economy, society and the environment. For limited powers of the local governments under the market economic institution, non_government organizations and enterprises are needed to join in making and implementation of the metropolitan area plan. So, the formation and effective operation of the governance system is a primary prerequisite to the metropolitan area plan.